{"id":42221,"date":"2018-08-16T16:12:37","date_gmt":"2018-08-16T16:12:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/?page_id=42221"},"modified":"2026-04-01T22:21:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T22:21:14","slug":"problem-profiles","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/","title":{"rendered":"What are the most pressing world&nbsp;problems?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We prioritise problems that are especially large in scale, neglected by others, and solvable \u2014 because <a href=\"\/articles\/problem-framework\/\">that&#8217;s where additional people can usually make the biggest difference<\/a>. This list is our best guess at which problems score highest on those factors, and therefore most need more people working on them. This list is constantly evolving, and we expect to revise it over time. There are also <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/#most-likely-to-be-wrong\">many reasonable ways to disagree<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>We&#8217;ve ranked risks from advanced AI and catastrophic pandemics as top issues since 2016. But with artificial general intelligence (AGI) <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/agi\/guide\/when-will-agi-arrive\/\">possibly arriving within the next decade<\/a>, AI-related issues seem even more urgent. <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/artificial-intelligence\/?v=1\">Learn more about why we prioritise AI risks<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- DO NOT DELETE the below! --><\/p>\n<style>\n.card--horizontal {\n  display: flex \n}\n.collapse-color-override-off-white.panel-collapse {\n  margin-top:0;\n}\n.collapse-color-override-off-white.panel-collapse h4 a {\n  font-size: 20px;\n}\n.same-font-as-cards {\n  font-size: 16px;\n}\n.same-font-as-cards h3 {\n  font-size: 18px;\n}\n.subproblems-well {\n  padding-bottom: 0px !important;\n  margin-bottom: 0px !important;\n}\n.subproblems-well > .row:first-of-type {\n  padding-bottom: 25px;\n}\n.subproblems-well ul {\n  padding-bottom: 0px;\n}\n.subproblems-well .card__title a,\n.subproblems-well .panel-collapse h4 a {\n  font-size: 17px;\n}\n.subproblems-well .panel-collapse {\n  border-color: #f5f5f5 !important;\n}\n.card--horizontal .card__image > img,\n.card--horizontal .card__image,\n.card--vertical {\n  border-radius: 0.2rem;\n}\n.card--vertical .card__image img {\n  border-top-left-radius: 0.2rem;\n  border-top-right-radius: 0.2rem;\n}\n.container.padding-bottom-larger {\n  display: none;\n}\n.white-background {\n  background: white;\n}\n@media (max-width: 767px) {\n  .card--horizontal {\n    flex-direction: column-reverse; \n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 1200px) {\n  .same-font-as-cards h3 {\n    font-size: 22px !important;\n  }\n  .card--vertical .card__image img {\n    height: 130px;\n    object-fit: cover;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199px) {\n  .card--vertical .card__image img {\n    height: 110px;\n    object-fit: cover;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 768px) {\n  .well > .row > .col-sm-4 > img, \n  .card__image > img {\n    height: 150px;\n    object-fit: cover;\n  }\n  .subproblems-well .col-sm-4:nth-of-type(3n-2) {\n    padding-right: 4px;\n  }\n  .subproblems-well .col-sm-4:nth-of-type(3n) {\n    padding-left: 4px;\n  }\n  .card--horizontal .col--card-image {\n    order: 2;\n    padding-right:15px !important;\n    padding-left: 0;\n  }\n}\n<\/style>\n<p><!-- DO NOT DELETE the above! --><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"wrap section-full-width bg-alternating-start-off-white padding-top-larger padding-bottom-larger\">\n<div class=\"container \">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-content\">\n<h2 id=\"most-pressing-world-problems\" class=\"padding-bottom-smaller\">Our list of the most pressing world problems<\/h2>\n<div class=\"card card--horizontal row border bg-white margin-bottom-smaller margin-top-smaller\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-4 col--card-image sm:!tw--pr-0\">          <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/risks-from-power-seeking-ai\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">\n<div class=\"card__image bg-gray-light\">            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/panels-photo-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"                       class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"                      width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\">            <\/div>\n<p>          <\/a>        <\/div>\n<div class=\"col-sm-8\">\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h3  class=\"\"><a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/risks-from-power-seeking-ai\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">1. Power-seeking AI systems<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\n<p>We may develop very powerful AI systems before we&#8217;ve built adequate control mechanisms. If such systems accumulate power while misaligned with human values, the result could be catastrophic.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">      <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/risks-from-power-seeking-ai\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">read more<\/a>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card card--horizontal row border bg-white margin-bottom-smaller\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-4 col--card-image sm:!tw--pr-0\">          <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/extreme-power-concentration\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">\n<div class=\"card__image bg-gray-light\">            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ingres_Napoleon_on_his_Imperial_throne-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"                       class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"                      width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\">            <\/div>\n<p>          <\/a>        <\/div>\n<div class=\"col-sm-8\">\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h3  class=\"\"><a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/extreme-power-concentration\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">2. Extreme power concentration<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\n<p>AI could turbocharge people&#8217;s efforts to seize and hold power. Surveillance, persuasion, and control technologies could let small groups or authoritarian leaders entrench their rule \u2014 potentially with little chance of recovery.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">      <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/extreme-power-concentration\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">read more<\/a>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card card--horizontal row border bg-white margin-bottom-smaller\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-4 col--card-image sm:!tw--pr-0\">          <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/preventing-catastrophic-pandemics\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">\n<div class=\"card__image bg-gray-light\">            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/cdc-hGCng7YZLLs-unsplash-1-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"                       class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"                      width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\">            <\/div>\n<p>          <\/a>        <\/div>\n<div class=\"col-sm-8\">\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h3  class=\"\"><a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/preventing-catastrophic-pandemics\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">3. Engineered pandemics<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\n<p>Pandemics are among the deadliest events in human history. Developments in biotechnology and AI may lower barriers for creating devastating biological weapons, and make future pandemics even worse.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">      <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/preventing-catastrophic-pandemics\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">read more<\/a>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"well border tw--bg-white same-font-as-cards !margin-top-smaller !margin-bottom-smaller subproblems-well   padding-top-small padding-bottom-small\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-12\">\n<h3>4. Emerging priorities <a id=\"emerging-challenges\" class=\"link-anchor\"><\/a><\/h3>\n<p>We think additional people working on these issues could be as or even more impactful than the problems above, but we&#8217;re more uncertain about the case for them, and there are fewer concrete job opportunities, so working on them requires a more entrepreneurial approach.\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-12\">\n<ul class=\"list-cards list-no-bullet row display-flex !tw--mb-0 \">\n<li class=\"col-sm-4 padding-bottom-small\">\n<div class=\"card card--vertical bg-off-white\">\n<div class=\"card__image\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/moral-status-digital-minds\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/image9-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"   class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"  width=\"720\" height=\"448\"\/>  <\/a>  <\/div>\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/moral-status-digital-minds\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">Moral status of digital minds<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\nDigital minds may soon outnumber humans, raising moral questions.\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/moral-status-digital-minds\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"col-sm-4 padding-bottom-small\">\n<div class=\"card card--vertical bg-off-white\">\n<div class=\"card__image\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/gradual-disempowerment\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u05e2\u05e5_\u05e2\u05dc_\u05d0\u05d9_\u05de\u05dc\u05d7_\u05d1\u05d0\u05de\u05e6\u05e2_\u05d9\u05dd_\u05d4\u05de\u05dc\u05d7-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"   class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"  width=\"720\" height=\"448\"\/>  <\/a>  <\/div>\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/gradual-disempowerment\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">Gradual disempowerment<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\nCompetition could force humanity to incrementally cede control to AI.\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/gradual-disempowerment\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"col-sm-4 padding-bottom-small\">\n<div class=\"card card--vertical bg-off-white\">\n<div class=\"card__image\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/s-risks\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/redcharlie-HxxmKwvUbgI-unsplash-1-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"   class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"  width=\"720\" height=\"448\"\/>  <\/a>  <\/div>\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/s-risks\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">'S-risks'<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\nAdvanced technology might generate novel mechanisms for suffering at astronomical scales.\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/s-risks\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"col-sm-4 padding-bottom-small\">\n<div class=\"card card--vertical bg-off-white\">\n<div class=\"card__image\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/ai-enhanced-decision-making\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/The_School_of_Athens__by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino-1-768x478.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"   class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"  width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\"\/>  <\/a>  <\/div>\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/ai-enhanced-decision-making\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">AI-enhanced decision making<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\nAI tools could improve humanity&#8217;s decisions at critical junctures.\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/ai-enhanced-decision-making\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"col-sm-4 padding-bottom-small\">\n<div class=\"card card--vertical bg-off-white\">\n<div class=\"card__image\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/space-governance\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/nasa-084iI8XTfN0-unsplash-1-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"   class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"  width=\"720\" height=\"448\"\/>  <\/a>  <\/div>\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/space-governance\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">Space governance<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\nEarly space governance decisions could shape humanity&#8217;s cosmic trajectory.\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/space-governance\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"col-sm-4 padding-bottom-small\">\n<div class=\"card card--vertical bg-off-white\">\n<div class=\"card__image\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/catastrophic-ai-misuse\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/1203081_07-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"   class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"  width=\"720\" height=\"448\"\/>  <\/a>  <\/div>\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/catastrophic-ai-misuse\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">Catastrophic AI misuse<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\nAI could be used by malicious actors to create new and catastrophically dangerous weapons.\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">  <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/catastrophic-ai-misuse\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card card--horizontal row border bg-white margin-bottom-smaller margin-top-smaller\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-4 col--card-image sm:!tw--pr-0\">          <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/great-power-conflict\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">\n<div class=\"card__image bg-gray-light\">            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/quaritsch-photography-j9tdZAfXIGY-unsplash-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"                       class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"                      width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\">            <\/div>\n<p>          <\/a>        <\/div>\n<div class=\"col-sm-8\">\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h3  class=\"\"><a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/great-power-conflict\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">5. Great power conflict<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\n<p>Beyond killing billions in worst-case scenarios, great power rivalry accelerates dangerous arms races that could spiral out of control.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">      <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/great-power-conflict\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">read more<\/a>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card card--horizontal row border bg-white margin-bottom-smaller margin-top-smaller\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-4 col--card-image sm:!tw--pr-0\">          <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/factory-farming\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">\n<div class=\"card__image bg-gray-light\">            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/nighthawk-shoots-Vd8jXvQtQFI-unsplash-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"                       class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"                      width=\"720\" height=\"448\">            <\/div>\n<p>          <\/a>        <\/div>\n<div class=\"col-sm-8\">\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h3  class=\"\"><a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/factory-farming\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">6. Factory farming<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\n<p>There are trillions of farmed animals, and the vast majority are on factory farms. The conditions in these farms are far worse than most people realise.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">      <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/factory-farming\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">read more<\/a>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card card--horizontal row border bg-white margin-bottom-smaller margin-top-smaller\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-4 col--card-image sm:!tw--pr-0\">          <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/wild-animal-welfare\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">\n<div class=\"card__image bg-gray-light\">            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/42-north-OltnbG88tYg-unsplash-1-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"                       class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"                      width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\">            <\/div>\n<p>          <\/a>        <\/div>\n<div class=\"col-sm-8\">\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h3  class=\"\"><a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/wild-animal-welfare\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">7. Wild animal suffering<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\n<p>There is an unfathomable number of wild animals. If many of them suffer in their daily lives, finding safe, effective methods to help them could do a lot of good.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">      <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/wild-animal-welfare\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">read more<\/a>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card card--horizontal row border bg-white margin-bottom-smaller margin-top-smaller\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-4 col--card-image sm:!tw--pr-0\">          <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/health-in-poor-countries\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">\n<div class=\"card__image bg-gray-light\">            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/marek-piwnicki-ATTmw_PT46U-unsplash-1-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"                       class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"                      width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\">            <\/div>\n<p>          <\/a>        <\/div>\n<div class=\"col-sm-8\">\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h3  class=\"\"><a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/health-in-poor-countries\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">8. Global health<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\n<p>Every year around 10 million people in poorer countries die of illnesses that can be very cheaply prevented or managed, including malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">      <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/health-in-poor-countries\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">read more<\/a>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card card--horizontal row border bg-white margin-bottom-smaller margin-top-smaller\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-4 col--card-image sm:!tw--pr-0\">          <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/climate-change\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">\n<div class=\"card__image bg-gray-light\">            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/nuclear-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\"                       class=\"tw--w-full \" style=\"\"                      width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\">            <\/div>\n<p>          <\/a>        <\/div>\n<div class=\"col-sm-8\">\n<div class=\"card__title\">\n<h3  class=\"\"><a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/climate-change\/\" class=\"card__anchor no-visited-styling tw--break-words\">9. Climate change<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__body\">\n<p>Carbon emissions are raising global temperatures, which will result in many millions of avoidable deaths and widespread disruption in the coming decades.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card__actions\">      <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/climate-change\/\" class=\"card__action no-visited-styling\">read more<\/a>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"container padding-bottom-larger\">\n<div class=\"row padding-top-larger\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-content\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"wrap section-full-width bg-alternating-start-off-white padding-top-larger padding-bottom-larger\">\n<div class=\"container \">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-content\">\n<h2>Other problems we&#8217;ve written about<\/h2>\n<p>We&#8217;ve explored many global issues over the years. The following profiles relate to the areas above but offer different framings and additional information:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/risks-from-malevolent-actors\/\">Risks from malevolent actors<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/risks-of-stable-totalitarianism\/\">Stable totalitarianism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/nuclear-security\/\">Nuclear weapons<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The following articles cover issues that remain important and underappreciated, but we think most people should consider the problems in our main list first:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/atomically-precise-manufacturing\/\">Atomically precise manufacturing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/civilisation-resilience\/\">Civilisational resilience<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/global-public-goods\/\">Improving incentives and governance for global public goods<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/promoting-positive-values\/\">Promoting positive values<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/science-policy-and-infrastructure\/\">Science policy and infrastructure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/immigration-restrictions\/\">Immigration restrictions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/whole-brain-emulation\/\">Whole brain emulation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/high-leverage-economic-growth\/\">High-leverage ways to speed up economic growth<\/a> <\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/neglected-mental-health\/\">Mental health<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"container padding-bottom-larger\">\n<div class=\"row padding-top-larger\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-content\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"wrap section-full-width bg-alternating-start-off-white padding-top-larger padding-bottom-larger\">\n<div class=\"container \">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-content\">\n<h2 id=\"problems-faq\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<div class=\"panel-group\" id=\"custom-collapse-0\">\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"lists-based-on\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-0\">What is this list based on?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-0\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"What is this list based on?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>Our aim is to find the problems where an additional person can have the greatest <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/what-is-social-impact-definition\/\">social impact<\/a> \u2014 given how effort is already allocated in society.<\/p>\n<p>The primary way we do that is by trying to compare global problems based on their scale, neglectedness, and tractability. To learn about this framework, see our <a href=\"\/articles\/most-pressing-problems\/\">introductory article on prioritising world problems<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>To assess problems based on this framework, we mainly draw upon research and advice from researchers and advisors working on effective altruism, AI, and existential risk, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.openphilanthropy.org\/research\/?q=&#038;content-type%5B0%5D=research-reports&#038;items=100&#038;view-list=false#categories\">Coefficient Giving<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forethought.org\/\">Forethought<\/a>. Read more about our <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/about\/credibility\/research-principles\/\">research processes and principles<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>To see the reasons we list each individual problem, click through to see the full profiles.<\/p>\n<p>To be clear, comparing global problems is very messy and uncertain. We are far from confident that the exact ordering presented on this page is correct \u2014 in fact, we&#8217;re pretty sure that it&#8217;s incorrect in at least some ways (more on this below).<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, assessments of the tractability and especially the scale of different global problems depend on your values and worldview. You can see some of the most important aspects of our worldview in our <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/advanced-series\/#2-what-does-it-mean-to-make-a-difference\">foundation series<\/a>, especially our articles on <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/what-is-social-impact-definition\/\">how we define social impact<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/future-generations\/\">weight we place on future generations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, it&#8217;s worth noting that 80,000 Hours is now focused on helping people work on safely navigating the transition to a world with AGI, following our <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/2025\/04\/strategic-approach\/\">April 2025 decision<\/a>. This means we&#8217;re no longer actively investigating issues that aren&#8217;t related to the transformative effects advanced AI might have.<\/p>\n<p>We still have views on these issues from previous research \u2014 e.g. we tend to think that due to the <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/factory-farming\/\">larger numbers of affected individuals and comparatively high neglectedness<\/a>, people can often have a bigger impact working on factory farming than on <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/health-in-poor-countries\/\">global health<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/climate-change\/\">climate change<\/a>. But as these issues evolve and new problems come up, our views on non-AI-related problems aren&#8217;t likely to stay current, since they&#8217;ll be based primarily on past research.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"agi-focus\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-1\">Why are you so focused on issues related to AI?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-1\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"Why are you so focused on issues related to AI?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>The short answer is: because we think the development of this technology might be the most consequential thing to happen in history. If it goes badly, we think it could cause multiple enormous problems \u2014 some potentially as severe as human extinction.<\/p>\n<p>Plus, <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/agi\/guide\/when-will-agi-arrive\/\">AI is advancing so quickly<\/a> that if it does cause these problems, they could happen soon. This means that even if we&#8217;re not certain how AI will play out or whether it&#8217;s as dangerous as we fear, we can&#8217;t just wait to see how things go.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, the issue is still hugely neglected. Most people just aren&#8217;t aware of how consequential the technology might be, and there are less than 10,000 people working on reducing the risks worldwide \u2014 many fewer than other big world problems like climate change or global health.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, we think AI might affect every other issue on this list \u2014 and in the world generally. So even if you wanted to prioritise another pressing global issue, e.g. factory farming, it makes sense to consider angles on it related to AI \u2014 e.g. how could you make it more likely that advancing AI reduces the problem rather than makes it worse? If we develop AGI in five years, does that reduce or increase the scale of the issue?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/artificial-intelligence\/?v=1\">Read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"why-make-page\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-2\">Why did you make this page?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-2\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"Why did you make this page?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>We think some problems are much more pressing than others, such that by choosing carefully, an additional person can have a far greater impact.<\/p>\n<p>Holding all else equal, we think that additional work on the most pressing global problems can be between 100 and 1000(!) times more valuable in expectation than additional work on many more familiar social causes like education in rich countries. That&#8217;s because, in those cases, your impact is typically limited by the smaller scale of the problem (e.g. because it only affects people in one or a few countries), or because the best opportunities for improving the situation are already being taken by others. Moreover, it seems like some of the problems in the world that are biggest in scale \u2014 especially those that could affect the entire future of humanity, like mitigating risks from AI or biorisks \u2014 are also highly neglected. This combination means you can have an outsized impact by helping tackle them.<\/p>\n<p>For this reason, we think our most important advice for people who want to make a big positive difference with their careers is to work on a very pressing problem. This page is meant to help readers do that. <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/your-choice-of-problem-is-crucial\/\">Read more about the importance of choosing the right problem<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img src=https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/global-problems-log-normal-graph.jpg alt=\"Graph showing higher expected impact if you focus on pressing global problems\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"why-not-more-familiar-problems\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-3\">Why don't you list more familiar global problems?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-3\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"Why don't you list more familiar global problems?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>A key consideration is how society is currently allocating resources. If a lot of people are already working on an issue, the best opportunities will have probably already been taken, which makes it harder for additional people to have an impact.<\/p>\n<p>At the same time, you only have one career, so if you want to fulfil your potential to do good, you need to prioritise which issues you focus on.<\/p>\n<p>One way to think about this is in terms of a &#8216;world portfolio&#8217;: What would the ideal allocation of resources be for all social issues? And which are farthest from that ideal allocation?<\/p>\n<p>As an individual, the best you can do is pick one of these that you&#8217;re well placed to focus on.<\/p>\n<p>This is why our list looks a bit surprising: we purposefully want to highlight problems that we think are furthest from getting the attention they need \u2014 such as reducing the risk of AI-enabled power grabs, which is a completely new field with only a handful of people working on it. Or take preventing engineered pandemics, which currently gets $1\u20132 billion of funding per year. That is only <a href=\"\/problem-profiles\/climate-change\/#reasons-not-to-work-on-climate-change\">1\/500th<\/a> of what a more widely recognised problem like climate change gets (which also needs more resources).<\/p>\n<p>By their very nature, these issues will tend to be unusual \u2014 if working on them was common sense, they&#8217;d already have more attention, and we&#8217;d need to derank them!<\/p>\n<p>If <em>everyone<\/em> followed our advice, our list would need to be totally different (but unfortunately, this will probably never happen).<\/p>\n<p>Another factor that makes our list unusual is that we strive to value the interests of all sentient beings <a href=\"\/articles\/what-is-social-impact-definition\/\">more equally<\/a> \u2014 regardless of where they live, when they live, or even what species they are. We even consider <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/moral-status-digital-minds\/\">digital beings to potentially be worthy of moral consideration<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Many people believe &#8216;charity begins at home,&#8217; but we believe charity begins where you can help the most. This typically means looking for the groups who are most neglected by the current system, and this often means focusing on the world&#8217;s poorest people, animals, <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/future-generations\/\">future generations<\/a>, or maybe digital minds \u2014 rather than other citizens of the world&#8217;s richest countries.<\/p>\n<p>To learn more about why we prioritise more neglected problems, see our <a href=\"\/career-guide\/most-pressing-problems\/\">article on comparing global problems in terms of scale, neglectedness, and solvability<\/a>, and our <a href=\"\/advanced-series\/\">foundation series<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"inappropriate-to-rank\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-4\">Isn't it inappropriate to rank different problems?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-4\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"Isn't it inappropriate to rank different problems?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>Some find it objectionable to say one problem is more pressing than another \u2014 perhaps because they think it&#8217;s impossible to make such determinations, or because they think we should try to tackle everything at once.<\/p>\n<p>We agree that it&#8217;s difficult to determine which problems are largest in scale, most neglected, and most tractable. The field of <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/global-priorities-research\/\">global priorities research<\/a> exists because these questions are so complicated, and we are far from certain about our views (see below). But we think with careful thought and research, people can make educated guesses \u2014 and, crucially, do better than random.<\/p>\n<p>We also agree that an individual can sometimes make progress on different problems at the same time, and advocating for more people or institutions to focus on helping others can increase the total amount of work done to solve all problems.<\/p>\n<p>However, resources are still very much limited, and no one person can do everything at once. Given the seriousness of the many challenges humanity faces, we think we have to prioritise among problems to use our resources as effectively as we can to solve them.<\/p>\n<p>Refusing to compare problems to one another doesn&#8217;t get you out of prioritising \u2014 it just means you&#8217;ll be choosing to prioritise some things over others without thinking much about it.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"take-your-word\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-5\">Should I just take your word for it that these are the most pressing problems in the world?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-5\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"Should I just take your word for it that these are the most pressing problems in the world?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>Definitely not. Though we&#8217;ve put a lot of work into thinking about how to prioritise global problems, ultimately, we are drawing on a modest amount of research to address an unbelievably large and complex question. We are very likely to be wrong in some ways (see below). You might be able to catch some of our mistakes.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, it&#8217;s often very useful for people trying to make the world a better place with their careers to develop their own views about what to prioritise \u2014 you&#8217;ll be more motivated and more able to help solve a problem if you understand the case for working on it and have chosen it for yourself.<\/p>\n<p>To help you form your own views, below we suggest a <a href=\"#make-your-own-list\">rough process for creating your own list of problems<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"most-likely-to-be-wrong\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-6\">How is your list most likely to be wrong?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-6\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"How is your list most likely to be wrong?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>The most important and controversial factors driving our lists are probably:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Our view that AGI is likely to be a hugely transformative technology with effects that might last a very long time, and that <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/agi\/guide\/when-will-agi-arrive\/\">could arrive very soon<\/a>. This means we especially highly prioritise reducing existential risks from AI, as well as issues that might interact with AI risks (such as bioweapons), and emerging challenges that could arise sooner due to AI.<\/li>\n<li>Our focus on reducing <a href=\"\/articles\/existential-risks\/\">existential and catastrophic risks<\/a>, due to their extreme scale.<\/li>\n<li>Our view that <em>all<\/em> future generations matter, and that some issues can affect generations stretching into the long-run future. This further increases the importance we place on reducing existential risks and on events that could affect the long-run future, especially if they threaten to &#8220;lock in&#8221; power structures or values that could lastingly shape how the future unfolds.<\/li>\n<li>Our relative openness to issues where it&#8217;s very uncertain what to do, or even whether working on the issue has much impact at all. This is because we think the <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/expected-value\/\">expected value<\/a> of decisions matters a lot. <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/podcast\/episodes\/alexander-berger-improving-global-health-wellbeing-clear-direct-ways\/\">Others have argued<\/a> that it&#8217;s better to focus on issues where you can be more confident of making a positive impact.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If we were to reject all the ideas above, problems related to AI would stand out less, while working on issues like <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/factory-farming\/\">factory farming<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/health-in-poor-countries\/\">global health<\/a> would become relatively higher priorities. If we also rejected the idea that non-humans are worthy of moral concern, global health might be our top problem.<\/p>\n<p>If we weren&#8217;t concerned about future generations or non-humans, but we <em>did<\/em> still think that AGI would be transformative and arrive as soon as 2030, AI-related risks and biorisks would plausibly still be our top issues due to the threats they pose to people alive today.<\/p>\n<p>There are other parts of our broad worldview that could also be wrong. You can read about the thinking that underlies our views in our <a href=\"\/advanced-series\/#2-what-does-it-mean-to-make-a-difference\">foundations series<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Previous versions of this list have resulted in thoughtful feedback, and we&#8217;ve adjusted our views over time. We anticipate this list will continue to evolve, as both the circumstances of the world change and we come to understand them better.<\/p>\n<p>You can see some of our top uncertainties about each individual problem by clicking through to the individual profiles.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"should-everyone-work\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-7\">Do you think everyone should work on your top list of world problems?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-7\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"Do you think everyone should work on your top list of world problems?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>No. We don&#8217;t think everyone in our audience \u2014 let alone everyone in the world \u2014 should work on our top problems (even if everyone totally agreed with our views).<\/p>\n<p>First, the pressingness of a problem is only one aspect \u2014 though a very important one \u2014 of <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/key-ideas\/summary\/\">our framework for comparing careers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Different people will find different opportunities within each problem, and will have different degrees of <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/personal-fit\/\">personal fit<\/a> for those opportunities. These other factors also really matter \u2014 you may well be able to have 100 times the impact in an opportunity that&#8217;s a better fit. That can make it higher impact to work on a problem you think is less pressing in general.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, there are reasons to spread out across problems:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>As more people work on a problem, it gets less neglected, and there are <a href=\"https:\/\/concepts.effectivealtruism.org\/concepts\/diminishing-returns\/\">diminishing returns<\/a> to additional work. This means that a group of people that&#8217;s large compared to the capacity for that problem to absorb people will start to run out of fruitful opportunities to make progress on it, making it better for new people to spread out into other areas.<\/li>\n<li>If you work with others, there is <a href=\"https:\/\/concepts.effectivealtruism.org\/concepts\/value-of-information\/\">value of information<\/a> in exploring new world problems \u2014 if you explore an area and find out that it&#8217;s promising, other people can enter it as well.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Among people who engage with our advice, we aim to help a majority shoot for one of the top world problems <a href=\"#most-pressing-world-problems\">we list above<\/a>, but that doesn&#8217;t mean we think everyone should work on the top one or two.<\/p>\n<p>If we consider the world as a whole, not just our readers, it&#8217;s even more obvious that we don&#8217;t want everyone to work on our top-ranked problems. The world wouldn&#8217;t function if everyone tried to work on preventing AI takeover. Clearly, we need people working on a wide range of problems, as well as keeping society running and taking care of themselves and their families.<\/p>\n<p>However, in practice it&#8217;s safe to assume that what most of the world does will remain unaffected by what we say. (If that changes, we&#8217;ll change our advice accordingly!) So we focus on finding the biggest gaps in what the world is currently doing in order to enable our readers to have as much impact as they can.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"how-prioritise-efforts\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-8\">How does the 80,000 Hours team prioritise its efforts?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-8\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"How does the 80,000 Hours team prioritise its efforts?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>Some of our effort is allocated to creating resources that are useful no matter which problem you want to work on (such as our advice on <a href=\"\/career-planning\/\">career planning<\/a>), but some resources are only relevant to a particular problem.<\/p>\n<p>When it comes to these, we roughly try to allocate our efforts in line with what we think are the most pressing problems. This means we aim to spend most of our time learning, writing, and thinking about our highest-priority areas and less time on those we think are less pressing.<\/p>\n<p>However, the distribution of our effort does not <em>exactly<\/em> match our views about which problems are most pressing. This is because we are a small team and there are returns to focusing and really learning about some problems, and also because we are better positioned to help people work on some problems vs others.<\/p>\n<p>This means that we tend to put more effort into having great advice about the very top problems we prioritise and those for which we can have stellar advice compared to the other sources.<\/p>\n<p>We&#8217;d love to have the resources to spend substantial effort on all the problems in the lists above. But given the size of our team, we aren&#8217;t able to do much more than write an article or two on many of the topics and point readers in the direction of more informed groups.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"want-to-help\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-9\">I want to help tackle one of these problems. What should I do?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-9\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"I want to help tackle one of these problems. What should I do?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>We are so glad you&#8217;d like to help! It can seem daunting, but we&#8217;ve seen lots of people make real contributions to these problems, including people who didn&#8217;t think they could when they first came across them.<\/p>\n<p>The short answer is that the individual problem profiles each have a section on how to help tackle that problem, so click through to read the full profiles.<\/p>\n<p>Also, see our <a href=\"\/career-reviews\/\">career reviews<\/a> page and <a href=\"\/job-board\/\">job board<\/a> to get ideas for specific jobs and careers that can help, and how to enter them.<\/p>\n<p>If you want to think about what to do in more depth, see our materials on <a href=\"\/career-planning\/\">career planning<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>We have <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/career-reviews\/\">guides to particular career paths<\/a> that contain common early steps as well as pointers on how to eventually put all your experience and skill to the best use.<\/p>\n<p>When you have some ideas, <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/speak-with-us\/?int_campaign=problem-profile\">apply for free one-on-one career advice<\/a> from our advisors, who can help you compare options and connect you with mentors and other opportunities.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"not-motivated\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-10\">I'm not motivated to work on any of these problems. What should I do?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-10\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"I'm not motivated to work on any of these problems. What should I do?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>The only thing you can control is contributing as well as <em>you<\/em> can \u2014 and that&#8217;s a matter not just of what the world needs, but also of your own motivation and abilities.<\/p>\n<p>And balancing the two is an art.<\/p>\n<p>On one hand, you might surprise yourself. We&#8217;ve worked with lots of people who weren&#8217;t immediately interested in a problem, but after they learned more and found interesting opportunities to address it, they <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/dont-follow-your-passion\/\"><em>became<\/em> passionate about it<\/a> over time. So don&#8217;t rule out everything you&#8217;re not immediately interested in.<\/p>\n<p>But if you try to get motivated and it doesn&#8217;t work, you can try working on something else. Ultimately, finding <a href=\"\/career-guide\/personal-fit\/\">a job that fits you<\/a> is really important. It&#8217;s usually better to be doing something you&#8217;re great at rather than struggling to stay motivated working on something that&#8217;s important in the abstract. In the answer to the next question, you&#8217;ll find a few other lists of problems you can investigate besides ours.<\/p>\n<p>You might also be interested in the resources from <a href=\"https:\/\/probablygood.org\/\">Probably Good<\/a>, which supports people working on a wider set of issues, or <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/career-guide\/\">our career guide<\/a>, which has advice that can be applied to any area.<\/p>\n<p>If you really want to help with these problems but don&#8217;t feel motivated to work on them directly, you could try helping by donating to organisations that work on them. If you do this as a primary aim of your career, we call it &#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/earning-to-give\/\">earning to give<\/a>.&#8217; You can also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givingwhatwecan.org\/pledge\/\">donate 10%<\/a> of your income (or however much you&#8217;re comfortable with).<\/p>\n<p>Read more about <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/career-guide\/making-a-difference\/\">how to have a positive impact in any job<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"make-your-own-list\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-11\">My values are different \u2014 how can I figure out my own list of world problems?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-11\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"My values are different \u2014 how can I figure out my own list of world problems?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p id=\"other-lists\">We have an article with a <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/comparing-problems-yourself\/\">process for comparing global problems for yourself<\/a>.<br \/>\nOther lists of pressing global problems we&#8217;ve seen, for inspiration: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The United Nations&#8217; <a href=\"https:\/\/sdgs.un.org\/goals\">sustainable development goals<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The United Nations&#8217; more general list of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/global-issues\">global issues<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/globalchallenges.org\/global-risks\/\">Global Challenges Foundation&#8217;s list of global risks<\/a><\/li>\n<li>A <a href=\"https:\/\/forum.effectivealtruism.org\/posts\/SCqRu6shoa8ySvRAa\/big-list-of-cause-candidates\">big list of cause candidates<\/a> from the Effective Altruism Forum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you just want to dive into general high-impact career advice that has less focus on particular problems, you may want to check out our <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/career-guide\/\">career guide<\/a> or the resources from <a href=\"https:\/\/probablygood.org\/\">Probably Good<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default panel-collapse\">\n<div class=\"panel-heading\">\n<h3 class=\"panel-title\"><span id=\"find-best-fit\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span><a class=\"no-visited-styling collapsed\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#-12\">How do I figure out which world problem is the best fit for me to work on?<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"-12\" class=\"panel-body-collapse collapse\" data-80k-event-label=\"How do I figure out which world problem is the best fit for me to work on?\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<p>Different problems do need different skills and expertise, so people&#8217;s ability to contribute to solving them can vary dramatically. That said, we think it&#8217;s generally underappreciated that there are many, many ways to contribute to solving a single problem, so you also shouldn&#8217;t assume you can&#8217;t help with something just because you don&#8217;t have some salient qualification.<\/p>\n<p>To learn more about what&#8217;s most needed to address different world problems, click through to read the profiles above.<\/p>\n<p>To explore your own skills and other aspects of your <a href=\"\/career-guide\/personal-fit\/\">personal fit<\/a> (especially early in your career) and find your <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/coordination\/#consider-your-comparative-advantage\">comparative advantage<\/a>, we encourage you to make a list of career ideas, rank them, identify key uncertainties about your ranking, and then try to do low-cost tests to resolve those uncertainties. After that, we often recommend planning to <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/exploration\/\">explore several paths<\/a> if you&#8217;re able to.<\/p>\n<p>You can find more thorough guidance in our resources on <a href=\"\/career-planning\/\">career planning<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>You can also look at <a href=\"\/skills\/\">our list of the most valuable skills you can develop and apply<\/a> to a variety of problems, and how to assess your fit with each one.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tw--mt-6 tw--p-3 tw--pt-2 tw--bg-gray-lighter tw--rounded-md margin-bottom white-background\">\n<h3 class=\"no-toc\">\t\t<a class=\"no-visited-styling tw--text-off-black hover:tw--text-off-black hover:tw--no-underline focus:tw--text-off-black\" href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/ai\/\">\t\t\t<small>Read next:&nbsp;<\/small>\t\t\tWork on the world's biggest challenge\t\t<\/a>\t<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tw--grid xs:tw--grid-flow-col tw--gap-3\">\n<div class=\"xs:tw--order-last tw--pt-1\">\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/ai\/\">\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/hendrik-morkel-eAtOTvnkQI-unsplash-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\" width=\"720\" height=\"448\">\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"tw--pb-3\">\n<p>Want to learn more about tackling the top AGI challenges? Our AGI careers hub is a good place to start.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/ai\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary\">Continue &rarr;<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"well bg-white margin-bottom margin-top padding-top-small padding-bottom-small\">\n<h3 class=\"no-toc\">Enter your email and we&#8217;ll mail you a book (for free).<\/h3>\n<p>Join our newsletter and we&#8217;ll send you a free copy of <em>The Precipice<\/em> \u2014 a book by philosopher Toby Ord about how to tackle the greatest threats facing humanity. <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/free-book\/#giveaway-terms\">T&#038;Cs here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<form data-80k-object-id=\"\" data-80k-form-action=\"newsletter__subscribe\" action=\"\/\" method=\"post\" class=\"form-newsletter-signup form-newsletter-signup-step-1 margin-bottom-smaller\">\n<div class=\"mc-field-group input-group compact-input-group \"> <input type=\"email\" value=\"\" name=\"email\" required class=\"form-control email\" placeholder=\"Email address\" id=\"input_email\" pattern=\"[a-zA-Z0-9._+\\-]+@(?!(gmial\\.com|gnail\\.com|gmai\\.com|gmal\\.com|gmali\\.com|gamil\\.com|gmail\\.co|gmail\\.con|gmail\\.om|yahooo\\.com|yaho\\.com|outlok\\.com|outloo\\.com|hotmial\\.com|hotmail\\.con|hmail\\.com|yopmail\\.com|discardmail\\.com)$)[a-zA-Z0-9.\\-]+\\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}\" title=\"Please enter a valid email address (e.g. user@example.com)\" > <span class=\"submit input-group-btn input-group-btn-right\"> <input type=\"submit\" id=\"mc-embedded-subscribe\" value=\"GET THE FREE BOOK\" class=\"btn btn-primary \" \/> <\/span> <\/div>\n<div> <input name=\"_eightyk_action\" value=\"mailchimp_add_subscriber\" type=\"hidden\"> <input name=\"redirect_path_after_step_2\" value=\"\/newsletter\/welcome\/\" type=\"hidden\"> <\/div>\n<div style=\"position: absolute; left: -5000px;\"> <input type=\"text\" name=\"b_abc12f58bbe8075560abdc5b7_43bc1ae55c\" tabindex=\"-1\" value=\"\"> <\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"container padding-bottom-larger\">\n<div class=\"row padding-top-larger\">\n<div class=\"col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-content\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":422,"featured_media":79581,"parent":0,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1353,1437,315,1449,1438,368,881,1425,1446,400,1450,291],"class_list":["post-42221","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai","category-building-effective-altruism-world-problems","category-career-advice-strategy","category-climate-change-world-problems","category-engineered-pandemics","category-existential-risk","category-foundations","category-global-priorities-research-career-paths","category-institutional-decision-making-world-problems","category-other-pressing-problems","category-prioritisation-frameworks","category-world-problems"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What are the most pressing world problems? 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